rusjelRussian Journal of Economics and LawRussian Journal of Economics and Law2782-2923"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.10.21202/1993-047X.14.2020.2.352-380SQRWEQrusjel-148Research ArticleПЕРЕВОДНЫЕ СТАТЬИTRANSLATED ARTICLESМисдиминор с участием лиц с расстройствами поведения в Сиэтле: особенности задержания, передачи дела в прокуратуру, предъявления обвинения и рассмотрения дела по существуCrisis-flagged Misdemeanors in Seattle: Arrests, Referrals, Charges, and Case DispositionsХельфготтЖ. Б.HelfgottJ. B.jhelfgot@seattleu.eduПаркинУ. С.ParkinW. S.noemail@neicon.ruФишерК.FisherC.noemail@neicon.ruУниверситет СиэтлаСоединённые Штаты АмерикиSeattle University Department of Criminal Justice Crime and Justice Research centerUnited StatesУниверситет СиэтлаСоединённые Штаты АмерикиSeattle UniversityUnited StatesОтдел полиции г. СиэтлаСоединённые Штаты АмерикиSeattle Police DepartmentUnited States202030062020142352380Copyright © Хельфготт Ж.Б., Паркин У.С., Фишер К., 20202020Хельфготт Ж.Б., Паркин У.С., Фишер К.Helfgott J.B., Parkin W.S., Fisher C.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/148

Цель: изучение специфики досудебного и судебного производства по делам, связанным с совершением мисдиминора лицами с расстройствами поведения на территории крупнейшего города на северо-западе США - Сиэтле. Методы: в работе применяется квазиэкспериментальный метод для изучения особенностей задержания, передачи дела в прокуратуру, предъявления обвинения и рассмотрения дела по существу при совершении мисдиминора лицами с расстройствами поведения. Выборка из 505 проступков с участием лиц с расстройствами поведения в Сиэтле в период 2016-2018 гг. сравнивалась с аналогичной случайной выборкой из 1 053 проступков, не отмеченных поведенческим кризисом. Изучались сходства и различия между этими выборками на этапах задержания, передачи дела в прокуратуру, предъявления обвинения и рассмотрения дела по существу.Результаты: правонарушения категории «мисдиминор» часто совершаются людьми, переживающими поведенческий кризис того или иного рода, например, психическое расстройство, зависимость от алкоголя и наркотиков, бездомность. Досудебное и судебное производство по делам, связанным с совершением мисдиминора лицами с расстройствами поведения, остается недостаточно изученным в научной литературе и правоприменительной практике. В 2015 г. в отделе полиции Сиэтла была введена Политика вмешательства в кризисной ситуации (Crisis Intervention Policy) и разработан соответствующий регламент, что позволило системно учитывать проступки с участием лиц с расстройствами поведения и совершенствовать меры полицейского реагирования в отношении них. В работе рассматриваются проблемы, возникающие при досудебном и судебном производстве по делам, связанным с совершением мисдиминора лицами в состоянии поведенческого кризиса.Научная новизна: в работе впервые обоснован вывод о том, что лица с расстройствами поведения чаще, по сравнению с лицами, не имеющими расстройства поведения, подвергаются задержанию; им чаще предъявляют обвинения, их чаще заключают под стражу. Причем, как показывает анализ статистических показателей, среди лиц с расстройствами поведения больше женщин. Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с предупреждением и пресечением правонарушений.

Objective: to study the features of misdemeanor arrests, charges, referrals, and case dispositions of behavioral crisis-flagged incidents in the largest city in the US north-west - Seattle.Methods: the study employs a quasi-experimental design to examine misdemeanor arrests, charges, referrals, and case dispositions of behavioral crisis-flagged incidents to better understand how individuals who are experiencing behavioral crisis are processed through the misdemeanor justice system. A sample of 505 cases of behavioral-crisis flagged incidents in Seattle from 2016-2018 are compared with a matched random sample of 1053 non-crisis cases examining similarities and differences in arrest, referral, charges, and case disposition.Results: misdemeanor offenses often involve individuals experiencing behavioral crises such as mental illness, drug and alcohol addiction, and homelessness. Little is known about how individuals in behavioral crisis arrested for misdemeanors are processed through the criminal justice system. In 2015, the Seattle Police Department implemented a Crisis Intervention Policy that employed a crisis template enabling systematic identifi of incidents fl by law enforcement as involving “behavioral crisis” to improve data collection and police response to incidents involving individuals in behavioral crisis. Implications for crisis intervention, case processing, and managing individuals who commit misdemeanors while in behavioral crisis are discussed. Scientific novelty: for the first time, the work substantiated the conclusion that individuals involved in crisis-flagged incidents are arrested at a consistently higher rate; are more likely to be charged, taken into custody, and incarcerated; and are more likely to be female.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to prevention and elimination crimes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.