rusjelRussian Journal of Economics and LawRussian Journal of Economics and Law2782-2923"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.10.21202/1993-047X.10.2016.3.227-251WKNOIRrusjel-2025Research ArticleПЕРЕВОДНЫЕ СТАТЬИTRANSLATED ARTICLESСЛОВО «КРИМИНОЛОГИЯ»: ФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ И ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕTHE WORD CRIMINOLOGY: A PHILOLOGY AND A DEFINITIONУилсонД. Р.WilsonJ. R.ieffreywilson@fas.harvard.eduГарвардский университетСоединённые Штаты АмерикиHarvard University, USAUnited States201630092016103227251Copyright © Уилсон Д.Р., 20162016Уилсон Д.Р.Wilson J.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2025

Цель: формулирование нового определения понятия «криминология». Методы: диалектический, системный, анализ, синтез, сравнение. Результаты: в работе рассматриваются история и этимология термина «криминология». На основе данного анализа формулируется авторское понятие криминологии как систематического изучения преступности, преступников, уголовного права, криминальной юстиции и криминализации. Научная новизна: автор доказывает, что криминология не обязательно должна соответствовать ее традиционному восприятию как академической науки, а может иметь характер общественной и/или гуманитарной сферы познания. Данное положение доказывается с помощью ранних примеров использования слова «криминология» в английском языке, которые предшествовали попыткам теоретизировать область криминологии в Италии и Франции в 1880-х гг., а также предлагаются новые варианты прочтения этих итальянских и французских текстов. Филологический анализ переходит затем в описание ряда попыток дать определение термину в ХХ в. и инноваций того же периода, соответствующих разносторонности криминологии как при ее зарождении, так и в последующем развитии.Практическая значимость: преимуществом такого нового понимания криминологии становится его инклюзивность: оно вводит в сферу науки все неортодоксальные криминологические исследования, что открывает возможности для развития новых направлений, взглядов на проблему преступности, теорий и методов профилактики и реагирования.

Objective: to formulate a new definition of the word “criminology”.Methods: dialectic, systemic, analysis, synthesis, comparison.Results: the paper presents the history and etymology of the word “criminology”. Basing on the analysis, the author’s definition of criminology is formulated as the systematic study of crime, criminals, criminal law, criminal justice and criminalization.Scientific novelty: the author proves that criminology is usually but not necessarily academic and scientific, which means that criminology can be public and/or humanistic. This concept is proved by presenting some early English instances of the word “ criminology” which predate the attempt to theorize a field of criminology in Italy and France in the 1880s, and offers some new readings of those Italian and French texts. The philological analyses then come into conversation with some twentieth-century attempts to define the field and some twenty-first-century innovations in an effort to generate a definition of criminology that is responsive to the diversity of criminology in both its original formation and its ongoing transformations. Practical significance: one advantages of the new interpretation of criminology is its inclusiveness: it introduces all non-orthodox research into scientific sphere, which allows new possibilities for the development of new directions, views on the problem of crime, theories and methods of crime prevention and reaction.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.