<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/1993-047X.10.2016.4.150-165</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">XDDDBB</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2039</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРАВОВОЙ РЕЖИМ БЕРИНГОВА ПРОЛИВА И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ МОРЕПЛАВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LEGAL REGIME OF THE BERING STRAIT AND SECURITY OF NAVIGATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скаридов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skaridov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mla@oceanlaw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный университет морского и речного флота им. адмирала Макарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скаридов А.С., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скаридов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skaridov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2039">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2039</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: создание правового режима и средств обеспечения безопасности мореплавания в Беринговом проливе.Методы: формально-логический, системный, сравнительно-правовой, статистический.Результаты: в последние годы специализированные издания содержат многочисленные публикации по проблемам развития арктического судоходства и будущей интенсификации использования Северного морского пути. Какие бы арктические маршруты ни выбирали судоводители, судам придется преодолевать узкости Берингова пролива. Если представить, что существующие оценки обоснованы, добавить возможный рост судоходства по Северо-Западному морскому проходу, то возникает вопрос, насколько правовой режим и средства обеспечения безопасности проливных пространств адаптированы к возможному росту коммерческого судоходства и военного мореплавания. В этой связи автор формулирует правовые меры, направленные на обеспечение безопасности в проливной зоне с учетом роста грузопотоков.Научная новизна: в статье впервые доказана необходимость включения в проливную зону Берингова пролива пространств, ограниченных с севера восточным и западным проходами, образуемыми островами Диомид и континентальными побережьями РФ и США и на юге проходами между мысом Чукотским и мысом Севуокук острова Св. Лаврентия, островным мысом Сивука и континентальной частью Аляски в целях защиты морского природного ландшафта и в интересах обеспечения безопасности мореплавания. Обоснована точка зрения о необходимости оснащения морских проходов, формирующих акваторию Берингова пролива, системой обеспечения безопасности. Предложен правовой режим обеспечения безопасности мореплавания в Беринговом проливе, который включает в себя совместные правила плавания, установку зон разделения движения судов, определение районов морских заповедников и организационно-правовых средств демпфирования опасных ситуаций.Практическая значимость: положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной практике при рассмотрении вопроса о правовом режиме Берингова пролива и безопасности мореплавания</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to establish the legal regime and security of navigation in the Bering Strait.Methods: formal logical method, systemic method, comparative legal method, statistical method.Results: in the recent years, specialized publications contain numerous publications on the problems of development of Arctic shipping and the future intensification of the use of the Northern Sea Route. Whatever Arctic routes may be chosen by the skippers, the vessels will have to overcome the narrowness of the Bering Strait. If the existing estimates are reasonable, and the navigation of the North-West Sea Passage will increase, it is appropriate to ask whether the legal regime and security means are adapted to the possible increase of commercial shipping and military navigation. In this respect, the author formulates the legal measures aimed at ensuring security in the Bering Strait area with the account of growing cargo traffic. Scientific novelty: for the first time the article proves the necessity to include into the Bering Strait area the territories, bounded from the north by the east and west passages formed by the Diomede Islands and continental coasts of the Russian Federation and the United States and from the south - by the passages between the Cape of Chukotka and Cape Sevuokuk of St. Lawrence Island, Cape Sivuka and the mainland of Alaska, in order to protect the sea natural landscape and to ensure the maritime safety. The opinion is substantiated about the necessity to equip the marine passages, forming the waters of the Bering Strait, with a security system. The proposed legal regime of ensuring the safety of navigation in the Bering Strait, which includes the common navigation rules, establishing the areas of the vessel traffic separation, designation of areas of marine reserves and organizational-legal means for damping the dangerous situations.Practical significance: the findings and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, educational and law enforcement practice in the con-sideration of the issue of the legal regime of the Bering Strait and the safety of navigation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>Берингов пролив</kwd><kwd>морское право</kwd><kwd>социально-экономические проблемы</kwd><kwd>безопасность мореплавания и контроль судоходства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>International law</kwd><kwd>The Bering Strait</kwd><kwd>Maritime law</kwd><kwd>Social and economic problems</kwd><kwd>Safety of navigation and navigation control</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berkman P., Vylegzhanin A., Young O. Governing the Bering Strait Region: Current Status, Emerging Issues and Future Options. Ocean Development &amp; International Law. 2016. Pp. 186-217. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908320.2016.1159091 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berkman P., Vylegzhanin A., Young O. Governing the Bering Strait Region: Current Status, Emerging Issues and Future Options. Ocean Development &amp; International Law. 2016. Pp. 186-217. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908320.2016.1159091 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biggs R., Schlüter M., Biggs D., Bohensky E. L., Burn Silver S., Cundill G., Dakos V., Daw T. M., Evans L. S., Kotschy K., Leitch A. M., Meek C., Quinlan A., Raudsepp-Hearne C., Robards M. D., Schoon M. L., Schultz L., West P.C. Toward principles for enhancing the resilience of ecosystem services // Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 2012. No. 37. Pp. 421-448. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-051211-123836 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biggs R., Schlüter M., Biggs D., Bohensky E. L., Burn Silver S., Cundill G., Dakos V., Daw T. M., Evans L. S., Kotschy K., Leitch A. M., Meek C., Quinlan A., Raudsepp-Hearne C., Robards M. D., Schoon M. L., Schultz L., West P.C. Toward principles for enhancing the resilience of ecosystem services // Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 2012. No. 37. Pp. 421-448. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-051211-123836 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brigham L. W. The fast-changing maritime Arctic: globalization, climate change, and geopolitics converge in this already challenging region // Proceedings of the U. S. Naval Institute. 2010. No. 136 (5). Pp. 54-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brigham L. W. The fast-changing maritime Arctic: globalization, climate change, and geopolitics converge in this already challenging region // Proceedings of the U. S. Naval Institute. 2010. No. 136 (5). Pp. 54-59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huntington H. P., Daniel R., Hartsig A., Harun K., Heiman M., Meehan R., Noongwook G., Pearson L., Prior-Parks M., Robards M., Stetson G. Vessels, risks, and rules: planning for safe shipping in Bering Strait // Marine Policy. 2015. No. 51. Pp. 119-127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huntington H. P., Daniel R., Hartsig A., Harun K., Heiman M., Meehan R., Noongwook G., Pearson L., Prior-Parks M., Robards M., Stetson G. Vessels, risks, and rules: planning for safe shipping in Bering Strait // Marine Policy. 2015. No. 51. Pp. 119-127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laist D. W., Knowlton A. R., Pendleton D. Effectiveness of mandatory vessel speed limits for protecting North Atlantic Right Whales // Endangered Species Research. 2014. No. 23. Pp. 133-147. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00586 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laist D. W., Knowlton A. R., Pendleton D. Effectiveness of mandatory vessel speed limits for protecting North Atlantic Right Whales // Endangered Species Research. 2014. No. 23. Pp. 133-147. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00586 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKenna M. F., Katz S. L., Condit C., Walbridge S. Response of commercial ships to a voluntary speed reduction measure: are voluntary strategies adequate for mitigating ship-strike risk? // Coastal Management. 2012. No. 40 (6). Pp. 634-650. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2012.727749 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKenna M. F., Katz S. L., Condit C., Walbridge S. Response of commercial ships to a voluntary speed reduction measure: are voluntary strategies adequate for mitigating ship-strike risk? // Coastal Management. 2012. No. 40 (6). Pp. 634-650. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2012.727749 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McLeod K., Leslie H. Ecosystem-based management for the oceans. Island, Washington, D.C., USA, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McLeod K., Leslie H. Ecosystem-based management for the oceans. Island, Washington, D.C., USA, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osterblom, H., Gardmark A., Bergstrom L., Muller-Karulis B., Folke C., Lindegren M., Casini M., Olsson P., Diekmann R., Blenckner T., Humborg C., Mollmann C. Making the ecosystem approach operational: can regime shifts in ecological and governance systems facilitate the transition? // Marine Policy. 2010. No. 34 (6). Pp. 1290-1299. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. marpol.2010.05.007 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osterblom, H., Gardmark A., Bergstrom L., Muller-Karulis B., Folke C., Lindegren M., Casini M., Olsson P., Diekmann R., Blenckner T., Humborg C., Mollmann C. Making the ecosystem approach operational: can regime shifts in ecological and governance systems facilitate the transition? // Marine Policy. 2010. No. 34 (6). Pp. 1290-1299. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. marpol.2010.05.007 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paulin J. A conflict between Alaska and the feds over Arctic policy? // Alaska Dispatch News. 8 September. 2013. Anchorage, Alaska.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paulin J. A conflict between Alaska and the feds over Arctic policy? // Alaska Dispatch News. 8 September. 2013. Anchorage, Alaska.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith L. C., Stephenson S. R. New trans-Arctic shipping routes navigable by midcentury // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2013. No. 110. Pp. 1191-1195. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214212110 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith L. C., Stephenson S. R. New trans-Arctic shipping routes navigable by midcentury // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2013. No. 110. Pp. 1191-1195. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214212110 (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greene J. K. Freedom of Navigation: New Strategy for the Navy’s FON Program. Newport; Rhode Island: Naval War College, 1992. Pp. 9-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greene J. K. Freedom of Navigation: New Strategy for the Navy’s FON Program. Newport; Rhode Island: Naval War College, 1992. Pp. 9-10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elferink A. G. O., Rothwell D. R. The law of the sea and the Polar maritime delimitation and jurisdiction // Kluwer Law International. 2001. Pp. 81-83.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elferink A. G. O., Rothwell D. R. The law of the sea and the Polar maritime delimitation and jurisdiction // Kluwer Law International. 2001. Pp. 81-83.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brubaker D. R. The Russian Arctic Straits. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2005. Pp. 192-193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brubaker D. R. The Russian Arctic Straits. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2005. Pp. 192-193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roach J. A., Smith W. R. Excessive Maritime Claims. 3rd ed. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012. P. 688.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roach J. A., Smith W. R. Excessive Maritime Claims. 3rd ed. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012. P. 688.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kraska J., Pedrozo R. International Maritime Security. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013. P. 33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kraska J., Pedrozo R. International Maritime Security. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013. P. 33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руфи Р., Хантингтон Г. Arctic. Судоходство в Арктике - путь к российско-американскому сотрудничеству. 20.11.2014. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id_4=4805#top-content (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Руфи Р., Хантингтон Г. Arctic. Судоходство в Арктике - путь к российско-американскому сотрудничеству. 20.11.2014. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id_4=4805#top-content (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гудев П. Коллизии регулирования судоходства в Беринговом проливе. 08.10.2015. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/en/ inner/?id_4=6668#top-content (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гудев П. Коллизии регулирования судоходства в Беринговом проливе. 08.10.2015. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/en/ inner/?id_4=6668#top-content (дата обращения: 10.06.2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колодкин А. Л. Мировой океан. Международно-правовой режим. Основные проблемы. М.: Международные отношения, 1973.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Колодкин А. Л. Мировой океан. Международно-правовой режим. Основные проблемы. М.: Международные отношения, 1973.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Молодцов С. В. Правовой режим морских вод. М.: Международные отношения, 1982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Молодцов С. В. Правовой режим морских вод. М.: Международные отношения, 1982.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазарев М. И. Теоретические вопросы современного международного морского права. М.: Наука, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лазарев М. И. Теоретические вопросы современного международного морского права. М.: Наука, 1983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pharand D. Canada’s Arctic waters in international law. Cambridge university press, 1987.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pharand D. Canada’s Arctic waters in international law. Cambridge university press, 1987.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashley, Robert S. W. Excessive Maritime Claims. 3rd ed. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashley, Robert S. W. Excessive Maritime Claims. 3rd ed. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kraska J., Pedrozo R. International Maritime Security. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kraska J., Pedrozo R. International Maritime Security. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caron D. D., Oral N. Navigation straits. Challenges for International law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caron D. D., Oral N. Navigation straits. Challenges for International law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
