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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/2782-2923.2022.1.51-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BHOKOZ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2216</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРИПТОМИР И ЦИФРОВЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRYPTO-WORLD AND DIGITAL FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровые валюты центральных банков: опыт внедрения цифрового юаня и развитие концепции цифрового рубля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Bank Digital Currencies: Experience of Introducing a Digital Yuan and Development of a Digital Ruble Conception</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-1967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочергин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochergin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочергин Дмитрий Анатольевич, доктор экономических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры теории кредита и финансового менеджмента</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.researcherid.com/rid/N-4230-2013," ext-link-type="uri">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/N-4230-2013,</ext-link></p><p>eLIBRARY ID: SPIN-код: 1084-1507,</p><p>AuthorID: 250810</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Kochergin, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Credit Theory and Financial Management</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.researcherid.com/rid/N-4230-2013," ext-link-type="uri">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/N-4230-2013,</ext-link></p><p>eLIBRARY ID: SPIN-code: 1084-1507,</p><p>AuthorID: 250810</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.kochergin@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кочергин Д.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кочергин Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kochergin D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2216">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2216</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определение сущностных основ цифровых валют центральных банков и на основе изучения опыта внедрения цифрового юаня в Китае обоснование направлений совершенствования концепции внедрения цифрового рубля в России и целесообразности выпуска цифровой валюты в Беларуси.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: в статье использованы эмпирический, логический, сравнительный и статистический методы системного подхода, позволяющие определить направления совершенствования концепции развития цифровой валюты центральных банков.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: определены ключевые характеристики цифровых валют центральных банков, выявлены особенности моделей систем цифровых валют для розничных платежей; исследованы основные характеристики дизайна цифрового юаня, особенности организации его эмиссионно-расчетной системы; рассмотрены основные элементы концепции цифрового рубля Банка России, устройства его эмиссионно-расчетной системы и цифровой платформы; исследован вопрос о целесообразности внедрения цифрового белорусского рубля в Республике Беларусь. Мы предлагаем разработать дополнительные механизмы защиты целостности и конфиденциальности платежной информации, хранимой в реестре Банка России на платформе цифрового рубля, а также дифференцировать инструментарий цифровых кошельков и установить лимиты на отдельные платежные операции с цифровым рублем.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: в исследовании раскрыты особенности модели двухуровневой системы цифровых валют центральных банков для розничных платежей в Китае и России; определены направления совершенствования концепции внедрения цифрового рубля и обоснована целесообразность выпуска цифровой валюты в Республике Беларусь.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы экономистами, центральными банками и кредитными учреждениями при разработке и совершенствовании дизайна национальной цифровой валюты, ее эмиссионно-расчетной модели и развития концепции ее внедрения с учетом мирового опыта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to determine the essential foundations of digital currencies of central banks and, based on the experience of the digital Yuan introduction in China, to substantiate the directions for improving the concept of the digital ruble introduction in Russia and the feasibility of issuing a digital currency in Belarus.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the article uses empirical, logical, comparative and statistical methods within a systematic approach to determine the areas for improving the concept of development of a central banks digital currency.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the key characteristics of central banks digital currencies are determined; the features of models of retail digital currency systems are revealed; the main characteristics of the digital Yuan design and the features of its emission-settlement system organization are investigated; the main elements of the digital ruble concept of the Bank of Russia, the structure of its emission-settlement system and digital platform are examined; the issue of the feasibility of introducing the digital Belarusian ruble in the Republic of Belarus is investigated. We propose to develop additional mechanisms to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the payment information stored in the register of the Bank of Russia on the digital ruble platform, to differentiate the tools of digital wallets, and to set limits on individual payment transactions with the digital ruble.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the study reveals the features of the model of a two-level system of retail digital currencies of central banks in China and Russia; the directions of improving the concept of the digital ruble introduction are determined and the expediency of issuing digital currency in the Republic of Belarus is justified.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used by economists, central banks and credit institutions in the development and improvement of the national digital currency design, its emission and settlement model and the development of the concept of its implementation, taking the world experience into account.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новые формы денег</kwd><kwd>денежно-кредитная система</kwd><kwd>платежная система</kwd><kwd>центральный банк</kwd><kwd>цифровая валюта центрального банка</kwd><kwd>модель системы цифровой валюты центрального банка для розничных платежей</kwd><kwd>цифровой юань</kwd><kwd>система цифрового юаня</kwd><kwd>цифровой рубль</kwd><kwd>платформа цифрового рубля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>New forms of money</kwd><kwd>Monetary system</kwd><kwd>Payment system</kwd><kwd>Central bank</kwd><kwd>Central bank digital currency</kwd><kwd>Model of system of retail central bank digital currency</kwd><kwd>Digital yuan</kwd><kwd>System of a digital yuan</kwd><kwd>Digital ruble</kwd><kwd>Digital ruble platform</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и БРФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-510-00009 Бел_а.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article is prepared with the financial support of RFBR within a research project No. 20-510-00009 Bel_a.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Designing Central Bank Digital Currencies. 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