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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/2782-2923.2022.2.370-378</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VMUXFO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2251</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРИПТОМИР И ЦИФРОВЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRYPTO-WORLD AND DIGITAL FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование цифровой платежной инфраструктуры для легализации преступных доходов: основные тренды</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using a digital payment infrastructure for criminal incomes legalization: main trends</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хисамова</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khisamova</surname><given-names>Z. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хисамова Зарина Илдузовна, кандидат юридических наук, начальник отделения планирования и координации научной деятельности научно-исследовательского отдела</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AAL-4093-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57205296970" ext-link-type="uri">https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57205296970</ext-link></p><p>eLIBRARY ID: SPIN-код: 8152-4380, AuthorID: 727500</p><p>г. Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zarina I. Khisamova, PhD (Law), Head of the Department of Research Planning and Coordination</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/AAL-4093-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57205296970" ext-link-type="uri">https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57205296970</ext-link></p><p>eLIBRARY ID: SPIN-код: 8152-4380, AuthorID: 727500</p><p>Krasnodar</p><p> </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alise89@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Краснодарский университет Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnodar University of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>370</fpage><lpage>378</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хисамова З.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хисамова З.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khisamova Z.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2251">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2251</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определение основных трендов использования цифровой платежной инфраструктуры для легализации преступных доходов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: методологическую основу исследования составляет совокупность методов научного познания, в том числе анализ, синтез, аналогия и сравнение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: оценивая правоприменительную практику в сфере использования цифровой платежной инфраструктуры для легализации преступных доходов и деятельность правоохранительных органов в области легализации преступных доходов на глобальном уровне, автор выявил и проанализировал следующие основные тренды: а) сближение с позицией группы разработки финансовых мер по борьбе с отмыванием денег в вопросе регулирования, несмотря на отсутствие на данный момент единых правил; б) активное «включение» в сферу уголовного законодательства норм, направленных на запрет использования цифровых активов в целях легализации преступных доходов; в) проблема юрисдикций и отсутствие механизмов наднационального регулирования; г) консолидация усилий правоохранительных органов и проведение совместных операций по пресечению преступной деятельности; д) активное применение института конфискации. В завершение автор приходит к выводу, что инициатива МВД России и других правоохранительных органов по выработке механизма конфискации цифровых активов в условиях отсутствия позитивного регулирования видится весьма непроработанным решением, хотя и обусловленным объективными обстоятельствами и криминогенной обстановкой.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: в исследовании проведена оценка правоприменительной практики в рассматриваемой сфере и деятельность правоохранительных органов в области легализации преступных доходов на глобальном уровне; выделены ключевые тренды использования цифровой платежной инфраструктуры для легализации преступных доходов. Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы исследования могут быть использованы ученымиправоведами, законодателями, юристами и сотрудниками правоохранительных органов при разработке и совершенствовании механизмов противодействия использованию цифровой платежной инфраструктуры для легализации преступных доходов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify the main trends in using the digital payment infrastructure for the legalization of criminal revenues. Methods: the methodological basis of the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, including analysis, synthesis, analogy and comparison.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: assessing the law enforcement practice in the field of using the digital payment infrastructure for the legalization of criminal revenues and the activities of law enforcement agencies in the field of money laundering at the global level, the author identified and analyzed the following main trends: a) the convergence with the position of the group developing financial measures to combat money laundering in terms of regulation, despite the absence of uniform rules; b) the active inclusion into the sphere of criminal legislation of norms aimed at prohibiting the use of digital assets for money laundering;</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the study evaluates the law enforcement practice in the field under consideration and the activities of law enforcement agencies in the field of money laundering at the global level; it highlights the key trends in the use of digital payment infrastructure for money laundering.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the research can be used by legal scholars, legislators, lawyers and law enforcement officers in the development and improvement of mechanisms to counter the use of digital payment infrastructure for the legalization of criminal revenues.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>легализация преступных доходов</kwd><kwd>цифровая инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>цифровые активы</kwd><kwd>криптовалюта</kwd><kwd>финансовые преступления</kwd><kwd>финансирование преступной деятельности</kwd><kwd>платежная система</kwd><kwd>Интерпол</kwd><kwd>блокчейн</kwd><kwd>виртуальные деньги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Legalization of criminal revenues</kwd><kwd>Digital infrastructure</kwd><kwd>Digital assets</kwd><kwd>Cryptocurrency</kwd><kwd>Financial crimes</kwd><kwd>Financing of criminal activity</kwd><kwd>Payment system</kwd><kwd>Interpol</kwd><kwd>Blockchain</kwd><kwd>Virtual money</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aurasu A., Abdul Rahman A. 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Rossiiskaya gazeta, 151 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Police seize more than eur 4.5 million in cryptocurrencies in Europe’s biggest ever lsd bust. URL: https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/police-seize-more-eur-45-million-in-cryptocurrencies-in-europe%E2%80%99s-biggest-ever-lsd-bust (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Police seize more than eur 4.5 million in cryptocurrencies in europe’s biggest ever lsd bust. (2018). https://www.europol. europa.eu/newsroom/news/police-seize-more-eur-45-million-in-cryptocurrencies-in-europe%E2%80%99s-biggest-ever-lsd-bust</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UK Police Seize, Convert and Retain £1.2m Worth of Bitcoin. URL: https://www.bitrates.com/news/p/uk-police-seize-convert-and-retain-12m-worth-of-bitcoin (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UK Police Seize, Convert and Retain £1.2m Worth of Bitcoin. https://www.bitrates.com/news/p/uk-police-seize-convert-and-retain-12m-worth-of-bitcoin</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">6 крупнейших конфискаций криптовалют за всю историю. URL: https://ru.ihodl.com/analytics/2018-07-08/6-krupnejshihkonfiskacij-kriptovalyut-za-vsyu-istoriyu/ (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Six largest confiscations of cryptocurrencies in history. (2018). (in Russ.). https://ru.ihodl.com/analytics/2018-07-08/6krupnejshih-konfiskacij-kriptovalyut-za-vsyu-istoriyu/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полиция Китая изъяла у организаторов футбольных тотализаторов $1,4 млн в биткоинах. URL: https://forklog.com/politsiya-kitaya-izyala-u-organizatorov-futbolnyh-totalizatorov-1-4-mln-v-bitkoinah/ (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chinese police confiscated $1.4 million in bitcoins from football pools organizers. (in Russ.). https://forklog.com/politsiyakitaya-izyala-u-organizatorov-futbolnyh-totalizatorov-1-4-mln-v-bitkoinah/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов А. Крупнейшие конфискации криптовалюты. URL: http://криптосоветник.рф/amp/krupnejshie-konfiskatsii-kriptovalyuty-kriptosovetnik-rf/ (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov, A. Largest confiscations of cryptocurrencies. (in Russ.). http://криптосоветник.рф/amp/krupnejshie-konfiskatsii-kriptovalyuty-kriptosovetnik-rf/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">МВД разработает механизм ареста и конфискации криптовалют. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/finances/07/11/2019/5dc160019a7947c61a5119a3 (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministry of Internal Affairs will elaborate a mechanism for cryptocurrencies arrest and confiscation. (2019). (in Russ.). https://www.rbc.ru/finances/07/11/2019/5dc160019a7947c61a5119a3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В России разрабатывают механизм ареста и конфискации криптовалют. URL: https://investfuture.ru/news/id/v-rossiirazrabatyvayut-mehanizm-aresta-i-konfiskacii-kriptovalyut (дата обращения: 05.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A mechanism for cryptocurrencies arrest and confiscation is being developed in Russia. (2019). (in Russ.). https://investfuture. ru/news/id/v-rossii-razrabatyvayut-mehanizm-aresta-i-konfiskacii-kriptovalyut</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мартыненко Н. Э., Мартыненко Э. В. Институт конфискации имущества в Уголовном кодексе Российской Федерации // Труды Академии управления МВД России. 2018. № 4 (48) С. 123–127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martynenko, N. E., Martynenko, E. V. (2018). Institution of property confiscation in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Proceedings of Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, 4 (48), 123–127 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Пленума Верховного Суда Российской Федерации от 14 июня 2018 г. № 17 «О некоторых вопросах, связанных с применением конфискации имущества в уголовном судопроизводстве» // Российская газета. 2018. № 134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruling of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of June 14, 2018 No. 17 “On some issues related to the application of property confiscation in the criminal court procedure”. (2018). Rossiiskaya gazeta, 134 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
