rusjelRussian Journal of Economics and LawRussian Journal of Economics and Law2782-2923"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.10.21202/1993-047X.13.2019.2.1215-1229LLIZXFrusjel-24Research ArticleПЕРЕВОДНЫЕ СТАТЬИTRANSLATED ARTICLESКоррупционное поведение: эмпирическая типология коррупции на государственном уровне по признаку цели и методаThe Behavior of Corruption: An Empirical Typology of Public Corruption by Objective & MethodАлбанизД. С.AlbaneseJ. S.jsalbane@vcu.eduАртеллоК.ArtelloK.kartello@vcu.eduУниверситет Содружества ВиргинииСоединённые Штаты АмерикиVirginia Commonwealth UniversityUnited States20193006201913212151229Copyright © Албаниз Д.С., Артелло К., 20192019Албаниз Д.С., Артелло К.Albanese J.S., Artello K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/24

Цель: формирование понятия, признаков и видов коррупционного поведения. Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений, позволяющий проанализировать их в историческом развитии и функционировании в контексте совокупности объективных и субъективных факторов, который определил выбор следующих методов исследования: формально-логический, сравнительно-правовой, социологический. Результаты: на основе анализа более 300 судебных решений Верховного Суда Соединенных Штатов Америки по делам о коррупции в государственной сфере за последние три года сделан вывод о том, что коррупция представляет собой противоправное поведение с целью получения выгоды, превосходящее обычные преимущества от занятия государственной должности. Однако данная формулировка не дает четкого представления о том, какова грань между коррупционным и некоррупционным поведением, как и о том, какие именно виды поведения составляют коррупцию в государственной сфере. В то же время изучение рассматриваемых вопросов необходимо для эффективного предупреждения, выявления и пресечения коррупционного поведения. Научная новизна: научный вклад данного исследования состоит в разработке эмпирической типологии коррупционного поведения и определении состава и методов нескольких сотен судебных дел о коррупции. В работе разработана типология видов коррупционного поведения, выявлено восемь видов коррупционного поведения, соответствующих двум категориям противозаконных целей. Таким образом, хотя по коррупционным делам выдвигаются различные обвинения, количество видов коррупционного поведения ограниченно. Кроме того, в исследовании осуществлено сопоставление полученных результатов с более ранними научными данными. Предложенная типология позволяет лучше понять поведенческие аспекты коррупции и может способствовать антикоррупционной деятельности. Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с предупреждением, выявлением и пресечением коррупционного поведения.

Objective: to formulate the notion, features and types of corrupt behavior.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in the historical development and functioning in the context of a set of objective and subjective factors, which determined the choice of the following research methods: formal-logical, comparative-legal, sociological.Results: An analysis of more than 300 public corruption convictions occurring over a three-year period was conducted. A conclusion is made that corruption is misconduct beyond favors received for actions typical of a public official's position. This holding makes it unclear the degree to which the use of an official office for personal advantage, or that of another, can be considered corruption. At the same time, considering these issues is essential for effective prevention, identification and suppression of corrupt behavior. Scientific novelty: the paper contributes to science in that an empirical typology of corruption behaviors was developed. The corpus delicti and methods for several hundred corruption cases were identified. It was discovered that eight distinct types of corrupt conduct exist, pursuing two broad illicit objectives. Therefore, despite the multiplicity of charges brought in corruption cases, there exist a limited number of behaviors that underlie this conduct. Besides, the authors compare these findings with the previous literature on corruption. The utility of the typology for understanding the underlying behavioral aspects of corruption is explained with implications for reducing its occurrence.Practical significance: the key results and conclusions of the paper can be used in scientific, educational and law-enforcing activities when considering the issues related to prevention, identification and suppression of corrupt behavior.

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The Behavior of Corruption: An Empirical Typology of Public Corruption by Objective & Method, Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society, 2019, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-12.* Признана нежелательной организацией в РФ с 21.03.2023 / Recognized as an undesirable organization in the Russian Federation as of 21.03.2023.* Признана нежелательной организацией в РФ с 21.03.2023 / Recognized as an undesirable organization in the Russian Federation as of 21.03.2023.** Принадлежит нежелательной организации в РФ / Belongs to an undesirable organization in the Russian Federation.** Принадлежит нежелательной организации в РФ / Belongs to an undesirable organization in the Russian Federation.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.