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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/2782-2923.2024.4.971-992</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2603</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕВОДНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSLATED ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отказ от преступной деятельности: гендерные сходства и различия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Desistance from criminal offending: exploring gender similarities and differences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганнисон</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gunnison</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элейн Ганнисон, PhD в области уголовного правосудия, доцент и руководитель магистерских программ</p><p>кафедра уголовного правосудия</p><p>Сиэтл</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elaine Gunnison, PhD in Criminal Justice Associate Professor and Graduate Director</p><p>Criminal Justice Department</p><p>Seattle</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gunnisone@seattleu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Сиэтла</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Seattle University</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>971</fpage><lpage>992</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ганнисон Э., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ганнисон Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gunnison E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2603">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2603</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель: выявление общих и отличительных признаков между отдельными группами правонарушителей мужского и женского пола, отказавшихся от преступной деятельности, продолжающих преступную деятельность, начавших ее в позднем возрасте и конформистов.</p></sec><sec><title>   Методы</title><p>   Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений, позволяющий проанализировать их в историческом развитии и функционировании в контексте совокупности объективных и субъективных факторов, который определил выбор следующих методов исследования: формально-логический и социологический.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты: несмотря на то, что ряд исследователей приходили к выводу о схожести социально-психологических предикторов преступности для обоих полов, другие криминологи утверждают, что предикторы преступности у женщин и мужчин различны. Результаты настоящего исследования показывают некоторые сходства и различия в факторах риска между отдельными группами преступников по полу, а также в предикторах отказа от совершения преступлений у женщин и мужчин. Таким образом, исследователи, изучающие проблему отказа от преступной деятельности, не могут исходить из общего влияния переменных независимо от пола, напротив, необходимо учитывать возможность специфического влияния предикторов отказа от преступной деятельности у женщин и мужчин.</p></sec><sec><title>   Научная новизна</title><p>   Научная новизна: в последние несколько десятилетий значительно активизировалось изучение женской преступности. Парадигма исследования криминальной карьеры, предложенная в 1986 г. Блюмштейном с соавторами, дает возможность изучать преступность, в том числе женскую, с различных точек зрения. Среди них можно выделить теоретические подходы к таким аспектам, как начало, продолжение и отказ от преступной деятельности. На основе материалов Национального опроса молодежи в работе изучаются черты сходства и различия между отдельными группами правонарушителей мужского и женского пола (отказавшихся от преступной деятельности, продолжающих преступную деятельность, начавших ее в позднем возрасте и конформистов), а также теоретические предикторы отказа от совершения менее тяжких преступлений и продолжения преступной деятельности. В результате исследования были выявлены значительные гендерные различия между отдельными группами правонарушителей, а также черты сходства и различия между полами в отношении предикторов отказа от совершения менее тяжких преступлений и продолжения преступной деятельности.</p><p>   Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с предупреждением и пресечением правонарушений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective: to reveal the similarities and differences between female and male discrete offender groups (desisters, persisters, late onseters, and conformers).</p></sec><sec><title>   Methods</title><p>   Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results: while some researchers have concluded that psycho-social predictors of crime are similar across gender, other criminologists have argued that predictors of crime may vary between females and males. The results from this investigation reveal some similarities and differences in the risk factors between discrete offender groups by gender and the predictors of female and male desistance from crimes. Therefore, researchers studying desistance cannot assume the generality of effects of variables across gender; rather, they must also consider the possibility of specific effects of predictors on female and male desistance.</p></sec><sec><title>   Scientific novelty</title><p>   Scientific novelty: Over the past several decades, researchers have more fervently examined female offending. The criminal career research paradigm put forth by Blumstein and colleagues in 1986 offers an opportunity for researchers to examine offending, including female offending, from multiple perspectives including onset, persistence, and desistance from a multitude of theoretical traditions. Using data from the National Youth Survey, this investigation examined the similarities and/or differences between female and male discrete offender groups (desisters, persisters, late onseters, and conformers) and theoretical predictors of desistance and persistence from less serious crimes. Results of the research revealed significant gender differences between the discrete offender groups as well as similarities and differences between the genders in predictors of desistance and persistence for less serious crimes.</p><p>   Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to preventing and eliminating crimes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преступность</kwd><kwd>правонарушение</kwd><kwd>отказ от преступной деятельности</kwd><kwd>продолжение преступной деятельности</kwd><kwd>пол преступника</kwd><kwd>отдельные группы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>crime</kwd><kwd>offense</kwd><kwd>desistence from criminal activity</kwd><kwd>persistence for criminal activity</kwd><kwd>gender of offenders</kwd><kwd>discrete offender groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agnew, R. 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