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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/2782-2923.2026.1.93-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2752</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ И ОТРАСЛЕВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL AND BRANCH ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурные поведенческие эффекты на Московской бирже: от отраслевого анализа к кластерной верификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural behavioral effects on the Moscow Stock Exchange: from industry analysis to cluster verification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2810-3656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафурова</surname><given-names>Г. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafurova</surname><given-names>G. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гафурова Гульнара Талгатовна, кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры финансовой аналитики и поведенческой экономики</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: AAY-2646-2020</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnara T. Gafurova, Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor of the Department of Financial Analysis and Behavioral Economics</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gafurova@ieml.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-4134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нотфуллина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Notfullina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нотфуллина Галина Николаевна, кандидат экономических наук, заведующий кафедрой финансовой аналитики и поведенческой экономики</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: AAA-7566-2022</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Notfullina, Cand. Sci. (Economics), Head of the Department of Financial Analysis and Behavioral Economics</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belitskaya@ieml.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0830-8977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимов</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimov</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салимов Ленар Наилович, доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры финансовой аналитики и поведенческой экономики</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: AGL-2919-2022</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenar N. Salimov, Dr. Sci. (Economics), Professor of the Department of Financial Analysis and Behavioral Economics</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salimov@ieml.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский инновационный университет имени В. Г. Тимирясова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский инновационный университет имени В. Г. Тимирясов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гафурова Г.Т., Нотфуллина Г.Н., Салимов Л.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гафурова Г.Т., Нотфуллина Г.Н., Салимов Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gafurova G.T., Notfullina G.N., Salimov L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2752">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2752</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: разработка и апробация комплексной методики для выявления и анализа поведенческих искажений на современном российском фондовом рынке, позволяющей идентифицировать структурные закономерности в поведении инвесторов и оценить влияние на них отраслевой принадлежности, волатильности и ликвидности активов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: исследование основано на количественном анализе дневных торговых данных Московской биржи (01.10.2023–30.09.2025) по стратифицированной выборке из 34 акций. Для количественной оценки поведенческих искажений (эффекта диспозиции и неприятия потерь) рассчитан коэффициент Одина. Для выявления неявных поведенческих паттернов и верификации результатов применен метод кластерного анализа K-means с последующей PCA-визуализацией.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: установлено, что на российском рынке не наблюдается доминирования одного поведенческого эффекта, а существует структурная поляризация: в «защитных» секторах (нефтегаз, финансы) преобладает неприятие убытков, тогда как в «ростовых» и спекулятивных (IT, золотодобыча) – эффект диспозиции. Подтверждена прямая зависимость между уровнем волатильности и силой эффекта диспозиции. Методом кластеризации выделено восемь устойчивых поведенческих профилей, которые с высокой точностью соответствуют отраслевой принадлежности бумаг, что доказывает системный, а не случайный характер выявленных аномалий.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: заключается в комплексном методологическом подходе, сочетающем традиционный расчет коэффициента Одина с современными методами машинного обучения (кластерный анализ K-means), что позволяет не только проверить гипотезы о секторальной природе поведенческих искажений, но и выявить внутрисекторальную неоднородность. Впервые для финансового сектора выявлена внутриотраслевая неоднородность, обусловленная различиями в ликвидности активов.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: предложенный подход позволяет инвесторам адаптировать торговые стратегии к поведенческому профилю конкретного сектора и актива. Результаты могут быть использованы регуляторами для разработки мер по защите розничных инвесторов, а также эмитентами и брокерами для более точного понимания своей аудитории и построения эффективных коммуникаций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to develop and test a comprehensive methodology for identifying and analyzing behavioral distortions in the modern Russian stock market. The methodology aims to identify structural patterns in investor behavior and assess the impact of industry affiliation, volatility and asset liquidity on them.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the study is based on a quantitative analysis of daily trading data from the Moscow Stock Exchange (01.10.2023–30.09.2025) for a stratified sample of 34 stocks. To quantify behavioral distortions (the effect of disposition and loss aversion), Odean coefficient was calculated. K-means cluster analysis method followed by PCA visualization was used to identify implicit behavioral patterns and verify the results.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: it was established that the Russian market is not dominated by a single behavioral effect, but by a structural polarization: loss aversion prevails in the “protective” sectors (oil and gas, finance), while the disposition effect prevails in the “growth” and speculative sectors (IT, gold mining). A direct relationship between volatility and the strength of the disposition effect was confirmed. The clustering method identified eight stable behavioral profiles that highly accurately correspond to the industry affiliation of securities. This proves the systemic rather than random nature of the identified anomalies.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: it consists in a comprehensive methodological approach combining the traditional calculation of Odean coefficient with modern machine learning methods (K-means cluster analysis). This allows not only testing hypotheses about the sectoral nature of behavioral distortions, but also identifying intersectoral heterogeneity. For the first time, intra-industry heterogeneity was identified for the financial sector due to differences in asset liquidity.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the proposed approach allows investors to adapt trading strategies to the behavioral profile of a particular sector and asset. The results can be used by regulators to develop measures to protect retail investors, as well as by issuers and brokers to better understand their audience and build effective communications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>региональная и отраслевая экономика</kwd><kwd>поведенческие финансы</kwd><kwd>эффект диспозиции</kwd><kwd>неприятие убытков</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>Московская биржа</kwd><kwd>отраслевая дифференциация</kwd><kwd>ликвидность</kwd><kwd>коэффициент Одина</kwd><kwd>российский фондовый рынок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional and branch economics</kwd><kwd>behavioral finance</kwd><kwd>disposition effect</kwd><kwd>loss aversion</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>Moscow Stock Exchange</kwd><kwd>sector differentiation</kwd><kwd>liquidity</kwd><kwd>Odean coefficient</kwd><kwd>Russian stock market</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет гранта, предоставленного Академией наук Республики Татарстан образовательным организациям высшего образования, научным и иным организациям на поддержку планов развития кадрового потенциала в части стимулирования их научных и научно-педагогических работников к защите докторских диссертаций и выполнению научно-исследовательских работ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out under the grant provided by the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan to universities, scientific and other organizations to support human resources’ development plans in terms of stimulating their scientific and teaching staff to defend doctoral theses and perform research.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахметов, А. 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