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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/2782-2923.2026.3.656-672</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-2974</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЧАСТНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Смешанный цифровой договор: отраслевые аспекты, презумпции, механизмы переквалификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mixed digital contract: industry aspects, presumptions, requalification mechanisms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0675-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанов</surname><given-names>З. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanov</surname><given-names>Z. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасанов Заур Уфатович, кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры гражданского и предпринимательского права</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: QPA-2623-2026</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaur U. Gasanov, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor at the Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law</p><p>Kazan</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gasanov-ksu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский инновационный университет имени В. Г. Тимирясова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>656</fpage><lpage>672</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гасанов З.У., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гасанов З.У.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gasanov Z.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2974">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/2974</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: исследование правовой природы отношений между оператором цифровой платформы и партнером-исполнителем, возникающих в условиях алгоритмического управления трудом, обоснование трехсторонней модели специального правового режима, а также внедрение опровержимых презумпций его наличия при доминирующем цифровом контроле.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: комплекс общенаучных и частно-научных методов, включая формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, социологический, а также догматический метод анализа правовых конструкций.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: доказано, что ни классическая трудовая, ни гражданская модели недостаточны для регулирования отношений между оператором посреднической цифровой платформы и партнером-исполнителем; обоснована трехсторонняя модель специального правового режима: сохранение гражданско-правовой основы, минимальный социальный стандарт (страхование жизни и здоровья, пониженный тариф страховых взносов); предложена система пяти формализованных критериев доминирующего цифрового контроля. Автором обосновывается, что возложение бремени опровержения презумпции на оператора платформы, а не на партнера-исполнителя является ключевым условием эффективности предлагаемого механизма.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: исходя из сформировавшегося в доктрине российской цивилистики понятия смешанного договора, впервые предложена легализация смешанного цифрового договора как самостоятельного межотраслевого договора, сочетающего элементы подряда, услуги и трудового договора в алгоритмически опосредованной форме. Впервые сформулированы пять критериев доминирующего цифрового контроля, позволяющих унифицировать практику переквалификации договоров в условиях алгоритмического менеджмента.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: заключается в разработке предложений по совершенствованию Федерального закона № 289-ФЗ в части введения смешанного цифрового договора, минимального социального стандарта и механизмов переквалификации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the legal nature of the relationship between a digital platform operator and an executive partner, which arise during the algorithmic labour management; to substantiate a three-party model of a special legal regime; and to introduce rebuttable presumptions of its existence under the dominanting digital control.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: a set of general and specific scientific methods, including the formal-legal, comparative-legal, sociological, and dogmatic methods for analyzing legal constructs.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: it was proved that neither the classical labor model nor the civil model is sufficient to regulate the relationship between an intermediary digital platform operator and an executive partner. A three-lateral model of a special legal regime was substantiated: preservation of the civil law basis and a minimal social standard (life and health insurance, reduced insurance contribution rate); a system of five formalized criteria for dominating digital control was proposed. The author substantiates that placing the burden of rebutting the presumption on the platform operator, rather than on the executive partner, is a key condition for the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: based on the mixed contract concept that has developed in the Russian civil law doctrine, the author for the first time proposes legalizing a mixed digital contract as an independent intersectoral contract combining elements of a contract for work, services, and an employment contract in an algorithmically mediated form. For the first time, five criteria for dominating digital control are formulated, which allow unifying the practice of reclassifying contracts under algorithmic management.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: proposals were developed for improving Federal Law No. 289-FZ regarding the introduction of a mixed digital contract, a minimal social standard, and reclassifying mechanisms.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>частно-правовые науки</kwd><kwd>платформенная занятость</kwd><kwd>смешанный цифровой договор</kwd><kwd>трудовой договор</kwd><kwd>договор подряда</kwd><kwd>алгоритмический менеджмент</kwd><kwd>Федеральный закон № 289-ФЗ</kwd><kwd>переквалификация</kwd><kwd>минимальный социальный стандарт</kwd><kwd>опровержимые презумпции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>private law sciences</kwd><kwd>platform employment</kwd><kwd>mixed digital contract</kwd><kwd>employment contract</kwd><kwd>contract for works</kwd><kwd>algorithmic management</kwd><kwd>Federal Law No. 289-FZ</kwd><kwd>reclassification</kwd><kwd>minimal social standard</kwd><kwd>rebuttable presumptions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lyutov, N. 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