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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusjel</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Russian Journal of Economics and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Economics and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-2923</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/1993-047X.15.2021.1.54-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MCEDZP</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusjel-59</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРИПТОМИР И ЦИФРОВЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRYPTO-WORLD AND DIGITAL FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровая валюта центрального банка как третья форма денег государства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital currency of the central bank as the third form of money of the state</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-8515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрюшин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andryushin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sandr956@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экономики РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андрюшин С.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андрюшин С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andryushin S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/59">https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/59</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: рассмотрение цифровой валюты центральных банков как третьей формы денег государства; выявление преимуществ и недостатков этой новой формы денег; уточнение классификации цифровой валюты центрального банка; анализ особенностей развития инфраструктуры системы быстрых платежей центральных банков и рынка частных стейблкоинов; изложение авторской версии развития дизайна цифрового рубля Банка России.Методы: в статье использованы эмпирический, исторический, логический, страновой, сравнительный и статистический методы системного подхода, позволяющие изучать в динамике возможные дизайны цифровой валюты центрального банка. Результаты: раскрыты макроэкономические факторы возникновения цифровой валюты центрального банка; определены виды классификации цифровой валюты центрального банка; показаны возможные плюсы и минусы выпуска и обращения третьей формы денег государства; рассмотрены система быстрых платежей и рынок частных стейблкоинов; уточнены некоторые последствия для денежно-кредитной политики и политики финансовой стабильности при переходе центрального банка на цифровую валюту; показаны преимущества и недостатки цифровой валюты центрального банка через призму трех аспектов: уровня анонимности, степени конфиденциальности и гарантированного получения субъектами рынка вознаграждения; проанализированы особенности развития дизайна цифрового рубля Банка России в среднесрочной перспективе.Научная новизна: в статье показано, что цифровая валюта центрального банка - это всего лишь третья форма денег государства наряду с наличными и безналичными деньгами; классификация цифровой валюты позволила центральному банку вычленить признаки возможного дизайна цифровой валюты; рассмотрены перспективы и проблемы ценовой и финансовой стабильности в условиях обращения цифровой валюты; альтернативой цифровой валюты центральных банков является система быстрых платежей и рынок частных стейблкоинов; Банк России должен строить дизайн цифрового рубля на базовых характеристиках банковской системы РФ (модели D ), механизмах сочетания технологий централизованного и распределенного реестров Банка России. Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы для разработки возможного дизайна цифрового рубля в среднесрочной перспективе, а также уточнения Банком России своих действующих целевых мандатов, инструментов, каналов и механизмов денежно-кредитной политики и политики обеспечения финансовой стабильности, непосредственно связанных с новыми трендами развития как мировой экономики, так и российской экономики в частности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to consider the digital currency of Central Banks as the third form of money of a state; to identify advantages and disadvantages of this new form of money; to clarify the classification of digital currency of the Central Bank; to analyze the features of infrastructure development of the Central banks fast payments system and private stable coins market; to present the author’s conception of the Bank of Russia digital ruble.Methods: the article uses empirical, historical, logical, country-oriented, comparative and statistical methods of the system approach, which allow studying the possible designs of the Central Bank digital currency in dynamics.Results: the article reveals the macroeconomic factors of the emergence of the Central Bank digital currency; defines the types of classification of the Central Bank digital currency; shows the possible pros and cons of issuing and circulating of the third form of state money; considers the fast payments system and the private stable coins market; clarifies some consequences for monetary and financial stability policy during the transition of the Central Bank to digital currency; shows the advantages and disadvantages of the Central Bank digital currency through the prism of three aspects: the anonymity level, the confidentiality degree and the guaranteed remuneration for market participants; and analyzes the features of the Bank of Russia digital ruble development in the medium term.Scientific novelty: the article shows that the Central Bank digital currency is just the third form of state money, along with cash and non-cash; classification of digital currency has allowed the Central Bank to identify the features of the possible design of digital currency; the prospects and problems of price and financial stability in terms of the circulation of digital currency are considered; an alternative to the Central Banks digital currency is the system of fast payments and private stable coins market; The Bank of Russia should build the digital ruble design on the basic characteristics of the banking system of the Russian Federation (Model D) and the mechanisms combining the technologies of the centralized and distributed ledgers of the Bank of Russia. Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used to develop a possible design of the digital ruble in the medium term, as well as to clarify the Bank of Russia current target mandates, tools, channels and mechanisms of monetary and financial stability policy, directly related to new trends in the development of both the world economy in general and the Russian economy in particular.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровая экономика</kwd><kwd>дефляция</kwd><kwd>денежно-кредитная политика</kwd><kwd>платежная система</kwd><kwd>процентная политика</kwd><kwd>финансовая стабильность</kwd><kwd>финансовые технологии</kwd><kwd>центральный банк</kwd><kwd>цифровая валюта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Digital economy</kwd><kwd>Deflation</kwd><kwd>Monetary policy</kwd><kwd>Payment system</kwd><kwd>Interest rate policy</kwd><kwd>Financial stability</kwd><kwd>Financial technologies</kwd><kwd>Central Bank</kwd><kwd>Digital currency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грищенко В. 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