The article views the state economic security as a priority task of finance management of a country. This also refers to the debt financing of budget deficit at all levels. The 2008 economic crisis resulted in serious changes in the volume of the Russian national debt. The increase of debt financing has put forward the issue of its safe limit. The world economic practice does not define the single level of optimal debt financing. Each country tries to solve this problem individually. The article views the possibility of increasing the volume of national debt during the post-crisis period of economy development.