References

rusjel

Russian Journal of Economics and Law

2782-2923

"TCE "Taglimat"" Ltd.

10.21202/2782-2923.2021.3.573-602

ZVFCCA

rusjel-89

Research Article

ПЕРЕВОДНЫЕ СТАТЬИ

TRANSLATED ARTICLES

Заполнить пробелы: оценка состояния федерального антикоррупционного законодательства после дела Kelly v. United States

Bridging the gap: assessing the state of federal corruption law after Kelly v. United States

Морган

М. Дж.

Morgan

M. J.

noemail@neicon.ru

Школа права Фордемского университетаСоединённые Штаты АмерикиFordham University School of LawUnited States

2021

30092021

153573602

2021

Морган М.Д.

Morgan M.J.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.rusjel.ru/jour/article/view/89

Цель: выявление пробелов и противоречий в федеральном антикоррупционном законодательстве СоединенныхШтатов Америки, а также выработка способов их разрешения и восполнения.Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений с использованием основанных на нем общенаучных (анализ, синтез, индукция) и частнонаучных (формально-юридический, системный, сравнительно-правовой, социологический) методов познания.Результаты: в последние годы политическая коррупция становится все более распространенным явлением в США. Средства массовой информации постоянно сообщают о коррупционных скандалах с участием официальных лиц. Однако федеральное правительство чаще всего не может привлечь государственных служащих к ответственности. Верховный суд Соединенных Штатов Америки неоднократно отменял обвинительные решения федеральных судов по коррупционным делам в отношении государственных служащих. Причина этого не столько в отсутствии состава преступления или доказательств, сколько в отсутствии законов, которые бы адекватно оценивали коррупционное поведение. В результате этого коррупционные деяния, получившие огласку и общественное осуждение в средствах массовой информации, оказываются оправданными в системе правосудия. В данной статье представлены недавние коррупционные дела и анализируются обоснования решений по ним, в том числе громкое уголовное дело Келли против Соединенных Штатов Америки. Научная новизна: в работе сделан вывод о том, что в деле Келли суд заявляет Конгрессу Соединенных Штатов Америки о необходимости реформирования антикоррупционного законодательства в части более четкого определения признаков коррупционного поведения. В связи с этим в работе на основе анализа дела Келли и других преступлений коррупционной направленности предлагаются поправки в части определения понятия «добросовестная служба» в законодательстве Соединенных Штатов Америки. Представляется, что данная поправка позволит обеспечить федеральных обвинителей адекватным законодательством для борьбы с коррупцией.Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной, педагогической и правоприменительной деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с предупреждением и пресечением правонарушений.

Objective: to reveal the gaps and contradictions in the US federal anti-corruption law, to elaborate the means of solving the contradictions and bridging the gaps.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena using the general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction)and specific scientific (formal-legal, systemic, comparative-legal, sociological) research methods.Results: Political corruption in the United States has become more and more prevalent in recent years. These days it seems difficult to turn on the news without hearing accusations of a public official caught in a scandal. Despite the frequency of the corrupt acts, however, the federal government remains largely unable to hold state actors accountable. The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently overturned federal convictions of state officials charged with committing corrupt acts. The issue in these cases is not the lack of corruption or proof of the acts but rather, the lack of laws that adequately criminalize the corrupt conduct. As a result, the same corrupt actions being publicly denounced in the news are being excused in the justice system. This paper examines the Court's recent corruption cases and analyzes the rationales behind them, including Kelly v. United States, the most recent case in the federal corruption saga.Scientific novelty: the author concludes that in Kelly V. United States the Court is sending a clear message to the US Congress: amend the corruption laws to properly cover the conduct. In this regard, the author proposes an amended version of the current law that takes into account the analysis of Kelly and other federal corruption cases. It is proposed to define "honest services" in the federal law, which would provide federal prosecutors a viable statute to combat corruption.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to prevention and control of law breaches.

пробелыпротиворечиякоррупцияпротиводействие коррупциидобросовестная служба

Kelly v. United States

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.