Theoretical rethinking of the paradigm of global competitiveness of a region in the context of a boundedly open economy

Objective: to theoretically rethink the “global competitiveness of the region” category and to develop its new conceptual model, adequate to the realities of the emerging boundedly open economy.

Methods: theoretical analysis using the historical and genetic method; comparative analysis and conceptual modeling. The research is based on an analysis of classical and modern works on regional economics.

Results: the author revealed inconsistency of traditional paradigms of global competitiveness, which focus on maximum integration into global value chains, and their key theoretical contradictions under sanctions and the global market fragmentation. The essential characteristics of the boundedly open economy were defined (strategic selectivity, active government regulation, priority of security over net benefit, technological sovereignty, and constant search for balance). The author developed a theoretical model that defines the global competitiveness of a region as the ability to ensure sustainable development through managing a balance between three components: diversification of foreign economic links (with an increasing share of BRICS+ countries and non-primary exports), reduction of critical import dependence (development of technological sovereignty), and formation of adaptive human capital to increase the economic complexity of the region. The work proved that simply replacing a Western partner with an Asian one without changing the depth of dependence does not increase competitiveness, but reproduces risk.

Scientific novelty: for the first time, a holistic concept of global competitiveness was proposed, in which the system-forming principle is the polarity “reliance on regional potential – global selectivity”. For the first time, the following provisions were systematically substantiated: a paradigmatic shift from competitiveness as an integration function to competitiveness as a vulnerability management function; the polarity “reliance on regional potential – global selectivity” as a system-forming principle of competitiveness under bounded openness. The work showed that traditional theories (including concepts of clusters, global value chains, and smart specialization) require fundamental correction under bounded openness.

Practical significance: the developed model can serve as a theoretical basis for assessing the ability of regions to adapt to sanctions shocks; for distinguishing between a real increase in competitiveness and imitation through a change of partners; and for developing specific regional policy tools in the field of import substitution, export diversification, and human capital development.

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