Model of legal regulation of clusters in the Russian Federation
https://doi.org/10.21202/2782-2923.2024.1.121-133
Abstract
Objective: to create a model of legal regulation of clusters in the Russian Federation.
Methods: historical method, formal-legal analysis, statistical and sociological methods, systematization, comparative-legal method, methods of legal modeling and forecasting.
Results: based on the analysis of scientific literature, Russian and foreign legislation and legal practice, the paper formulates the definition of a “cluster” concept (a group of business entities (suppliers, manufacturers, etc.) located on the territory of a special economic zone, operating in a certain sphere, producing and/or carrying out complementary goods, works, services), defines its features and types, and identifies the models of incentive legal regimes: (a) “model of derogations” – EPR model; b) “model of guarantees” – model of a legal regime stimulating entrepreneurial activity in the field of digital innovations and technologies in the PPP (MPP) framework; c) “model of support” – model of a legal regime stimulating entrepreneurial activity of SMEs in the field of digital innovations and technologies; d) “model of preferences” – model of a legal regime stimulating entrepreneurial activity within the boundaries of territories and entities with high innovation potential. The author proposes to create a unified legal regime of cluster and cluster activity in the Russian Federation by developing and adopting a relevant federal law and amending the legislation on special economic zones.
Scientific novelty: the article is the first to carry out a comprehensive comparative legal analysis of clusters and cluster policy, their legal regulation in Russia and foreign countries.
Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering issues related to the legal regulation of clusters and cluster policy in Russia and foreign countries, as well as legal regimes stimulating entrepreneurial activity in the field of digital innovation and technology.
About the Author
E. A. Gromova
South Ural State University (National Research University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elizaveta A. Gromova, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Law Institute for International Activities, Associate Professor of the Department of Business, Competition and Environmental Law
Scopus ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57208846603
Web of Science Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/46250123
Chelyabinsk
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For citations:
Gromova E.A. Model of legal regulation of clusters in the Russian Federation. Russian Journal of Economics and Law. 2024;18(1):121-133. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21202/2782-2923.2024.1.121-133
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