Президентская риторика демонстрации контроля над преступностью (на примере киберпреступности)

Цель: комплексный анализ президентской риторики демонстрации контроля над преступностью.Методы: диалектический подход к познанию социальных явлений, позволяющий проанализировать их в историческом развитии и функционировании в контексте совокупности объективных и субъективных факторов, который определил выбор следующих методов исследования: формально-логический, сравнительно-правовой и социологический. Результаты: темой публичных выступлений президентов все чаще становится уголовное правосудие. Многие их политические речи призваны создать впечатление борьбы с преступностью и насилием, тогда как реальные меры не принимаются. Более того, если какие-либо действия и предпринимаются, они неэффективны и не приводят ни к каким значительным изменениям в политике. Формирование впечатления, что президенты борются с преступностью, часто называют демонстрацией контроля над преступностью. Для нее характерно использование вымышленных нарративов, моральной обеспокоенности, низкого уровня разногласий в обществе, а также неэффективности политики в данной области. В более ранних исследованиях была неоднократно показана значимость демонстрации контроля над преступностью в различных аспектах уголовного правосудия, однако они никогда не касались современной проблемы киберпреступности.Научная новизна: в работе впервые проанализирована проблема президентской риторики демонстрации контроля над преступностью, изучены схемы и тенденции президентской риторики в отношении киберпреступности. Авторы применяют качественный контент-анализ для проверки гипотезы, которая заключается в том, что президенты используют методики демонстрации контроля над преступностью при обсуждении киберпреступности, в частности, методы вымышленных нарративов и моральной обеспокоенности. В результате этого опасения широкой публики по поводу киберпреступности сглаживаются, а принятие значимых мер откладывается. Результаты исследования подтверждают выдвинутую гипотезу.Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы статьи могут быть использованы в научной и педагогической деятельности при рассмотрении вопросов, связанных с президентской риторикой демонстрации контроля над преступностью.

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