Objective: to analyze the trajectories of industrial policy effective implementation by determining the relevance of key elements of the “development state” model in modern international realities.

   Methods: monographic, historical, abstract-logical, comparative methods.

   Results: the characteristics of the “development states” concept described on the example of some Asian countries allowed their governments to carry out industrial modernization of national economies in a short time and switch to the sustainable economic development trajectory. For many years, the “development state” has been perceived by researchers as part of history. This was determined by the consensus on the existing boundaries of state intervention in the economy. In recent years, the interest of governments in industrial policy has been growing. The implementation of measures within
the industrial policy gives rise to new challenges to public administration, probably similar to those that the development states have gone through. The author shows that the available formulations of the qualitative characteristics inherent both in the “development state” concept and in some Asian countries in a certain period of their development are significant for the modern theory of public administration in the context of industrial policy measures.

   Scientific novelty: it consists in understanding the concept of the “development state” in the modern context.

   Practical significance: the research provisions and conclusions can be used in the future studies of the economic theory influence on socio-political discourses and political decisions.

   Objective: to substantiate the unity of the discrete and the continuous in the socio-economic ecosystems theory development.

   Methods: system economic theory; the theory of the system structure influence on the changing homogeneity of the intraecosystem space-time; the systemic-integrational theory of an enterprise; the principle of complementarity.

   Results: the article substantiates the expediency of introducing the “ecosystem style of thinking” concept into scientific circulation. It is shown that the basic principle of the ecosystem style of thinking is the principle of complementarity, expressed as the unity of the continuous and the discrete. This principle is due to the inherent characteristic of the ecosystem – a combination of continuity and discreteness of its intra-ecosystem space-time (in particular, a combination of homogeneity and diversity of relationships between ecosystem participants). In order to form methods for determining the qualitative relationship between the ecosystem homogeneity and heterogeneity, the author proposes a typology of relationships between ecosystem participants, formed on the basis of the systemic-integrational theory of an enterprise. The paper substantiates the importance of a rational correlation of the homogeneity and diversity of the ecosystem space-time for the ecosystem functioning and for identifying the imbalances in the ecosystem spatiotemporal development.

   Scientific novelty: It was found that the main characteristic of the ecosystem style of thinking is the principle of unity of the continuous and the discrete in economic analysis. The author concludes that the ecosystem style of thinking is based on the post-non-classical style of thinking as interpreted by V. S. Stepin. The article proposes a typology of the economic analysis principles and substantiates the typology of relationships in the ecosystem based on the system integration theory of an enterprise. The author draws attention to the need for a rational balance between homogeneity and diversity in the ecosystem relationships for its functioning.

   Practical significance: the research expands the arsenal of objective methods for studying economic phenomena and processes by applying the ecosystem approach principles.

   Objective: to identify industry trends in aggregate factor productivity, labor productivity and capital productivity in economic sectors. The hypotheses are: there is a continuing slowdown in aggregate factor productivity in the Russian economy sectors; there is a gap in aggregate factor productivity in various complexes of industries.

   Methods: Cobb–Douglas production function, multiple regression, Domar aggregation, Gini coefficient, graphical visualization.

   Results: the study revealed a more efficient use of labor resources in contrast to capital, the latter being accumulated everywhere. The highest increase in labor productivity was noted in financial and insurance activities, manufacturing industries, professional, scientific and technical activities. There is a cyclical dynamics of aggregate factor productivity, its most stable growth and a positive cumulative technological shift marked from 2017 until 2021. They are observed in the manufacturing and investment complexes of the Russian economy (financial and insurance activities), and in agriculture.
A decrease in total factor productivity was found in the mining industry, transportation and storage, hotels and catering, construction, education, and healthcare.

   Scientific novelty: it consists in a change in the total factor productivity and the total technological shift in the context of sectors and complexes of sectors of the Russian economy from 2011 to 2021.

   Practical significance: the study results can be used for the policy of stimulating internal sources of economic growth, to improve sectoral recommendations of innovation policy.

   Objective: to identify the features of strategies of various entities at mesoeconomical level: territorial systems (regions), industries and large corporations (ecosystems) based on a comparative analysis of their structure, key elements and attributes.

   Methods: a structural approach to strategic documents at the macro-, meso- and microlevels, comparative analysis and synthesis, review of theoretical research and practice of strategy formation and implementation.

   Results: the article defines the features of strategy formation at the regional, industry and corporate levels. The author states that the key difference between regional and sectoral strategies is a long planning horizon, while corporate strategies are more often subject to adjustment. The article shows that the strategies of mesoeconomical level entities have a number of
systemic problems related to their formation and implementation. It was found that due to the variability and turbulence of environmental conditions, the entities at meso-level are forced to constantly adjust their strategies, while corporate strategies, unlike regional and sectoral ones, are not limited by the top-level strategy. The author reveals the shortcomings of interaction and coordination (institutional vacuum) of strategies of macro-, meso- and micro-level entities in terms of coherence and coordination of actions in long-term planning.

   Scientific novelty: it consists in applying a structural approach to the analysis of strategies of meso-level entities, comparing them and identifying common features and differences in approaches to their formation and implementation.

   Practical significance: it consists in the developing applied methods for the formation and implementation of strategies and improving the effectiveness of strategic planning at the mesoeconomical level.

   Objective: to identify the emerging structural changes in the use of biometrics in Russia, namely the multiple growth of market participants and brands, the multiple growth of the number of biometrics samples in a single biometric system, and the multiple growth of market volume and institutional design of biometrics use in Russia.

   Methods: general scientific, abstract-logical, dialectical, phenomenological methods, observation, description.

   Results: the article describes approaches to the use of biometric data in some regions of the world, identifies the risks and potential benefits of wider use of biometric data, summarizes the main trends in the use of biometric personal data in Russia, presents a comprehensive author’s approach to the analysis of structural changes in the economy, taking as an example the
development of solutions using biometric personal data for the identification of individuals.

   Scientific novelty: the author proposes to consider the formation of structural shift by identifying its four components and qualitatively assessing their level of formation (low, medium, and high); shows the formation of macro-shifts from micro-level initiatives and sequential passage of the stages of specific structural changes, complex micro-shifts, institutionalization and
consolidation of new practices. In addition, the process of implementation of structural shifts from the macro- to the micro-level is traced, which consists in the changes more widely covering economic agents compared to the stage of a structural shift formation. All this constitutes a comprehensive author’s approach to the regularities of the structural shifts development
in the economy.

   Practical significance: clarification of interrelations between the processes of structural change will improve the programs of socio-economic development of regions, industrial policy for medium- and high-tech industries through the use of modern technological methods of identification and authentication of customers and employees with biometrics. It may also create a basis for deepening the existing knowledge in the development of biometric technologies in Russia and expanding the practice of their application.

   Objective: to verify and confirm (or refute) the hypothesis about the mismatch between the means of proof and the means of criminal activity in terms of strength and diversity, which causes imbalance in the dualism of criminal activity and its proving.

   Methods: in solving the research problem, we used, first of all, dualistic and hypothetical-deductive methods, as well as methods of functional systems, comparison and other general scientific methods.

   Results: criminal activity and its proving show the dualism of two complex functional systems, which are opposite, not reducible to each other, equal, but not equipollent. The lack of equipollency is manifested in the inconsistency of the means of proof with the means of criminal activity in terms of strength and diversity. On the one hand, the available means of proof are outdated and limited; on the other hand, they are used ineffectively when forming evidentiary systems of different levels. This leads to imbalance in the dualistic system. This is confirmed by systemic problems of reality – critically low disclosure rate, violation of the rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings, low level of compensation for damages from crimes, protracted procedures of multi-volume criminal cases, etc.

   Scientific novelty: for the first time, the activity of proving is presented as a complex functional system, which together with criminal activity forms a dualism. In this dualistic system, an imbalance is found, consisting in the non-equipollent relationship between the two functional systems, where the means of proving are inferior to the means of criminal activity both in strength and in diversity. In this regard, the article attempts to reveal the mechanism of proving in order to determine how the two sides in the dualistic system can be balanced.

   Practical significance: the provisions laid down in the study can in the future act as a methodological basis for improving the means of proving and increasing the effectiveness of forming evidentiary systems of different levels.

   Objective: to form a theoretical concept of criminal-legal protection of digital healthcare by identifying the key criminal risks; to perform a terminological analysis of the concept of “digital security of the healthcare system” and to analyze the possibility of its use in legal theory and practice.

   Methods: the article uses the universal dialectical method of cognition, as well as general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and specific scientific (formal-legal) methods of research.

   Results: based on the conducted research, the key criminal risks and trends of digital healthcare were identified; legal and terminological analysis of the concept of “digital security of the healthcare system” was performed. The author has formulates the definitions of such concepts as “digital security of the healthcare system”, “ensuring digital security of the healthcare system” and “digital threat”, and reveals a set of reasons for legal regulation of digital security of the healthcare system.

   Scientific novelty: the author has developed a theoretical concept of criminal-legal protection of digital security of the healthcare system, which includes three groups of elements: key criminal risks in healthcare digitalization (risks arising in the circulation of digital information in the healthcare system; risks inherent in medical devices based on digital technologies; risks of critical information infrastructure in the Russian Federation); legal and terminological apparatus of digital security
of the healthcare system; factors that determine the need for legal regulation of digital security of the healthcare system by criminal-legal means (digitalization of healthcare; risks of hacking or unauthorized access to medical devices based on digital technologies; workload of medical workers; increased social danger of unlawful encroachments in the field of digital
healthcare, etc.).

   Practical significance: the proposals and conclusions of the study can be used to improve criminal legislation and practice of its application, as well as to form a scientific basis for interdisciplinary research at the intersection of criminal law science and digital technologies.

   Objective: to comprehensively analyze the moral panic concept, developed in the works by S. Cohen, and to elaborate, on its basis, a new concept – the dual panic theory.

   Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical, sociological.

   Results: Moral panics have been broadly discussed in the public discourse since S. Cohen’s (1972) seminal text on the topic. Despite copious research, we believe that the theory is in need of expansion due to the increased complexity of societal interactions. Through the lens of an increasingly polarizing American culture, we believe the original concept of moral
panics is overly simplified and no longer encompasses the intricacies of American society. Using the story of the McCloskey family’s 2020 interactions with Black Lives Matter protestors and Goode and Ben-Yehuda’s (1994) definitional criteria, we propose a new, expanded theory of moral panics – Dual Panic Theory.

   Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of the existing approaches to the moral panic concept, the paper offers and elaborates a new concept – the dual panic theory. It suggests that an event can happen that causes a competing panic by two opposing sides of an issue. Different from a culture war, dual panics are genuine panics about an action rather than a reaction to oppositional outrage from a competing interest group. Goode and Ben-Yehuda argue that researching moral panic cannot be complete without an examination of all societal levels, from elites to grassroots, and the full spectrum from ideology and morality at one end to crass status and material interests at the other. As society has evolved, so too must the theoretical explanations of societal reactions, moral panic or otherwise.

   Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the moral panic concept.

   Objective: to reveal the similarities and differences between female and male discrete offender groups (desisters, persisters, late onseters, and conformers).

   Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.

   Results: while some researchers have concluded that psycho-social predictors of crime are similar across gender, other criminologists have argued that predictors of crime may vary between females and males. The results from this investigation reveal some similarities and differences in the risk factors between discrete offender groups by gender and the predictors of female and male desistance from crimes. Therefore, researchers studying desistance cannot assume the generality of effects of variables across gender; rather, they must also consider the possibility of specific effects of predictors on female and male desistance.

   Scientific novelty: Over the past several decades, researchers have more fervently examined female offending. The criminal career research paradigm put forth by Blumstein and colleagues in 1986 offers an opportunity for researchers to examine offending, including female offending, from multiple perspectives including onset, persistence, and desistance from a multitude of theoretical traditions. Using data from the National Youth Survey, this investigation examined the similarities and/or differences between female and male discrete offender groups (desisters, persisters, late onseters, and conformers) and theoretical predictors of desistance and persistence from less serious crimes. Results of the research revealed significant gender differences between the discrete offender groups as well as similarities and differences between the genders in predictors of desistance and persistence for less serious crimes.

   Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to preventing and eliminating crimes.

   Objective: to study the issues of regulation of bankruptcy relations and to determine the ways of further development of the legal field in this sphere.

   Methods: historical method, logical and structural analysis, system-functional approach, formal-legal method.

   Results: the article considers formation of the bankruptcy institute in the Russian Federation. In addition, the modern state of legal support in this field is analyzed. The peculiarities of the Russian model of bankruptcy regulation are outlined. Further, the author emphasizes the current problems in the regulation of bankruptcy relations in the Russian Federation. In particular,
the author notes that the procedures aimed at restoring the solvency of debtors are not in demand in practice. The study also emphasizes the problem of a relatively low percentage of satisfied creditors’ claims as a result of bankruptcy procedures. An assessment is given of the current project of changing the legal field in this area proposed by the legislator. The ways of further development of bankruptcy legislation are defined.

   Scientific novelty: consists in the complex nature of the study of bankruptcy relations. In particular, the research provides a new development of theoretical provisions, as well as practical recommendations to improve legal regulation and increase the effectiveness of the bankruptcy institute. It is established that today there is a smooth transition from the pro-debtor model of bankruptcy relations, which was previously dominating, to a more balanced mechanisms of insolvency regulation from the viewpoint of creditor and debtor interests. It is also argued that it is necessary to abandon the financial rehabilitation and external management procedures, which actually do not work in practice, and to replace them with a single rehabilitation procedure aimed at restoring the debtor’s solvency.

   Practical significance: a certain theoretical basis was formed, which is necessary both for researching the essence of the bankruptcy institute in the Russian Federation and for developing proposals to adjust regulatory policy in this area in the future.

   Objective: to analyze the current digital stage of development from the viewpoint of the social structure and manifestations of an individual in it, as the latter has acquired a new form of identity – digital nomadism.

   Methods: dialectical and phenomenological methods using comparative analysis. The ideas of A. A. Dydrov and R. V. Penner, G. L. Tulchinsky, M. Shpitzer, and E. L. Yakovleva served as material for theoretical understanding of the problem.

   Results: the analysis made it possible to identify the features of primitivization and barbarization in the modern existence of society and the electronic nomad, which began to function in the coordinate system of the two worlds. Their modus appears to be digital. At the same time, primitivization is associated with the intellectual manifestations of the electronic nomad, and barbarization is associated with their actions in the virtual space. The intersection of elements of primitivization and barbarization leads to some immoral manifestations of the electronic nomad, who allow themselves indecent deeds in the digital environment. Trying to predict the future, the authors point to the best development option associated with the cooperation of electronic nomads and robots, and the worst one, determined by the introduction of implants into the human brain. The latter scenario will make the electronic nomad fully manageable, which will be beneficial for owners of corporations and digital platforms. But there is always hope to avoid the negative option. In the situation of the electronic nomad, their gradual adaptation to the digital environment and the launch of the rationalization process will allow them to follow an optimistic path of development.

   Scientific novelty: due to advances in science and technology, the digitalization process is ambiguous. Despite the high level of comfort of modern civilization, the features of primitivization and barbarization appear in the existence of the electronic nomad. The authors emphasize that these characteristics are temporary in nature, associated with the society transition to a new stage of development; hence, the electronic nomad will gradually learn to function competently, work and express themselves in the digital environment. But a different outcome is also possible. In the context of the development of brain modification technologies, the electronic nomad can be integrated into a new economy, which will not allow for their development and will lead to complete isolation from the meaningfulness, awareness and reflection inherent in a self-sufficient personality.

   Practical significance: consists in using the research results to further study the modern stage of civilizational development associated with digitalization and the features of a new type of personality – the electronic nomad, as well as in identifying risk zones in social and individual existence in order to block or minimize them.