Objective: to identify trends in the development of the Russian economy during the new anti-Russian sanctions. To this end, the paper analyzes the impact of the new sanctions on the budgetary sphere, the development of economic sectors and industries and the Russian regions.

Methods: the work uses data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Federal Treasury, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Economic Development), the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia), the Federal Tax Service (FTS), the Federal Customs Service (FCS), the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS). For their analysis, graphical, tabular, and analytical methods are used.

Results: the new anti-Russian sanctions caused significant changes in the structure of the Russian exports and trade balance. The reduced inflow of foreign currency put significant pressure on the ruble exchange rate, which created inflation risks. The devaluation was restrained by the Bank of Russia new currency regime. The favorable situation in the energy market in 2022 led to an increase in budget revenues. In 2023, economic growth resulted from an active fiscal policy supported by moderate monetary expansion. However, it was achieved at the cost of an increase in the budget deficit and public debt. The response of different industries and regions to the sanctions shock was heterogeneous. The development of certain adaptive strategies by economic entities, as well as the response of the authorities played an important role. The new sanctions regime prompted a revision of the state economy regulation paradigm. Dirigisme manifested itself in the increase of state orders, subsidies and other support for protected industries with one-time withdrawals of opportunistic revenues of big business. Monetary and fiscal policy gradually acquired a hybrid character. Direct and indirect price regulation became an important instrument of state regulation during the sanctions.

Scientific novelty: it consists in a comprehensive analysis of development trends during the new anti-Russian sanctions, their impact on foreign economic parameters, budgetary sphere, financial system, development of Russian industries and regions.

Practical significance: statistical information on various aspects of the Russian economy development during the new antiRussian sanctions was summarized and analyzed. The work can be useful to researchers studying the functioning of the Russian economy under sanctions, as well as to businesspersons for assessing the risks, opportunities and prospects of their businesses development, and to government agencies for forming an effective anti-crisis policy.

Objective: to define the content of concepts that formalize the problem area of the modern social and labor relations (SLR) and to offer a solution to the problem of SLR regulation from the viewpoint of rationalization factor.

Methods: content analysis and systematization of scientific publications, including logical, comparative and contextual analysis; methods of dialectical cognition, system analysis and synthesis, SWOT-analysis, and modeling; structural and system-functional approach.

Results: based on the analysis of foreign and Russian publications on various aspects of the SLR definition and development, the author formulated the content of concepts reflecting the said phenomenon in the logic of changes, problems and solutions. The problem area of the modern SLR interpretation was outlined, within which the rationalization potential of the labor subjects activity is not differentiated, which makes it difficult both to formalize certain modern problem aspects and to formulate relevant corrective proposals. A solution was developed that takes into account the resource of economic thinking of individuals with bounded rationality; this allows supplementing the essential construction of the rationalization concept in the context of labor activity. Using the established theoretical and methodological toolkit, the author reveals the possibilities to improve the labor agents’ adaptability under the changes in SLR and to promote the constructive interaction of SLR subjects in general. The article shows potential directions of scientific search concerning the activity of labor actors as subjects of rationalization under the changes.

Scientific novelty: the article develops the concept of labor rationalization as a function of systemic economic thinking, which allows compensating for limited rationality and thus increasing constructive interaction of SLR subjects.

Practical significance: the provisions developed in the article can be used in research work when considering the issues of SLR and labor rationalization and in educational activities from the viewpoint of the established competence model.

Objective: to propose anti-sanction and sanction measures based on the analysis of the external and internal environment of the Russian economy and anti-crisis measures implemented by the Russian government.

Methods: techniques of abstract-logical method were used, such as analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, and forecasting.

Results: a critical assessment of anti-crisis measures by other scientists was given; the anti-sanctions plan of the Russian Federation for 2022–2024 was analyzed. As a result of the calculations, the approximate parameters of the budget system expenditures for the realization of the anti-sanctions policy were determined. Prospects, main measures and plans to bring priority sectors of the national economy out of the crisis were assessed. It was found that, despite the success of the antisanctions plan, many of the problems hindering the development of the Russian economy have not yet been solved. The main anti-sanction and sanction measures for the Russian economy development were proposed.

Scientific novelty: measures to correct Russia’s anti-sanction and sanction economic policy were proposed: first, those referring to the area of transition to non-obvious, rational, defense-attack and protectionist sanctions economic policy of Russia; second, those for the transition to open, long-term, protectionist and preventive anti-sanction economic policy of the Russian Federation.

Practical significance: the proposed measures will weaken the consequences of the sanctions war and lay the foundation for Russia’s economic development in the medium and long term. A systematic approach to the study of anti-sanction and sanction economic policy of Russia will allow other countries (China, first of all) to use the Russian experience of successful counteraction to the sanctions of the US and its allies.

Objective: in the modern economic system under globalization, effective industrial policy is one of the basic conditions for ensuring sustainable economic development in the context of multipolar economic systems formation and development. The tools of industrial policy implementation form the conditions for the advanced development of both national and regional economies. The study objective is to identify the key features of industrial development of the national economic system under globalization, as well as the basic tools for the effective industrial policy implementation in the Russian economy.

Methods: when considering the features and factors of industrial development and the tools for the effective industrial policy implementation, we used such methods as system and historical analysis, comparison and identification of the key features of industrial policy implementation and transformation tools in the modern Russian economy.

Results: based on the analysis of the world experience of industrial policy implementation along the main models of industrial development, the advantages and disadvantages of each respective model of industrial policy were determined; within the framework of the innovative model of industrial development, the indicators for assessing the effectiveness of industrial policy were systematized, as well as the peculiarities of the formation of the innovative environment of industrial development; the peculiarities of industrial policy implementation in the Russian economic system under globalization were revealed, the basic tools for the effective industrial policy implementation were structured.

Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of industrial development processes and scientific approaches to industrial development and implementation of industrial policy, the peculiarities of using the industrial policy tools in the Russian economic system were revealed in the framework of combination and transformation of tools of innovative and importsubstituting models of industrial policy implementation; the contradiction was identified in the changing role of the state in the implementation of effective industrial policy in the modern economy under globalization (in recent decades, the trend of the weakening role of the state in developed economies is replaced by the need to strengthen the state to ensure effective innovation process and industrial development); the tools for the industrial policy implementation in the modern economic system were systematized based on the analysis of world experience.

Practical significance: the results of the study of industrial policy tools in the modern economy, taking into account the regional aspect, can be used to establish mechanisms for the innovation process implementation and import substitution in the modern Russian economy based on the adjustment of the tools used and the industrial policy implementation methods, in order to form and implement the programs of sustainable industrial development at the federal and regional levels. 

Objective: to reveal the essence of educational organizations’ digitalization as the implementation of product- and processinnovations in their innovation activity from the managerial viewpoint, including (here) innovation statistics in the data economy. The research tasks were: to formulate the essence of educational organizations’ digitalization as product- and process-innovations in their innovation activity in the digital economy based on the analysis of scientific works; to identify product- and process-innovations as a result of educational organizations’ digitalization; to form tools of educational organizations’ digitalization in the context of product- and process-innovations in the form of methodological material.

Methods: analysis, synthesis, classification. The study object is the processes of educational organizations’ digitalization as an integral part of their innovative activity under the fourth industrial revolution. The study subject matter is product- and process-innovations implemented in the process of educational organizations’ digitalization.

Results: the paper identifies product- and process-innovations as a result of educational organizations’ digitalization, compiles a list of them, while taking into account the processes of virtualization of assets, management and platformization in the internal and external environments of an educational organization. The concept of “digitalization of educational organizations” was clarified: it is a set of processes of virtualization and platformization, considered as an integral part of the innovative activity of educational organizations, which results in product- and process-innovations. Recommendations for experts in the field of educational organizations’ digitalization were developed, in terms of normative and legal regulation of the process under study, its organization, methodological support and achievement of the educational system’s technological sovereignty based on the introduction of product- and process-innovations.

Scientific novelty: consists in revealing the essence of an educational organization’s digitalization as part of its innovative activity, while distinguishing the product- and process-innovations in theoretical and practical virtualization and platformization of the issue.

Practical significance: the study results can be used to form strategies for managing product- and process-innovations arising during digitalization of educational organizations and to collect statistical information on the innovation activity of educational organizations in the digital economy.

Objective: to determine the current state of the digital financial assets market and the prospects for its development.

Methods: the work uses comparative-logical methods, analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis in terms of comparing the theoretical aspects of the DFA market and the practical use of this technology; SWOT-analysis, the method of expert assessments.

Results: in the era of digitalization of many economic processes, one of the key trends of financial markets is tokenization of assets. At the same time, there is a lack of a high-quality institutional system for managing digital financial assets. The authors identified the DFA market development trends, analyzed the market current state, researched the published scientific works and prepared a brief literature review, made a SWOT-analysis of the DFA market, and identified the advantages, potential and threats to this market development in Russia. The paper identifies trends in the DFA market development, taking into account the existing risks. This is relevant for investors when planning investments and selecting DFAs as an investment object, to diversify the investment portfolio.

Scientific novelty: a narrative analysis of the digital financial assets market development was carried out. A comparative analysis of digital financial assets and traditional financial instruments was performed. The main regulatory solutions to the infrastructural problems were identified, that are necessary for the development of digital financial assets. The presented SWOT-analysis served as a basis for the formation of the author’s view DFA-technologies development in the country, which is relevant for researchers of regulatory aspects, system unification and harmonization of the regulatory framework and socio-economic relations.

Practical significance: the study analyzed the volume of DFA issues and identified their most common types. DFA issuers, operators as organizers of DFA issues, and investors can use the study results to make decisions in activities using digital assets.

Objective: to systematize knowledge about the information and criminological implications of the legal regulation in combating corruption and to develop proposals for the optimization of its legal means.

Methods: a set of scientific cognition methods, including universal and formal-logical methods, primarily formal-legal, modeling, and idealization; a retrospective approach to studying the formation and development of interrelated criminological and political scientific trends, which facilitated the obtaining of this study results. The main scientific tool used was the analytical method.

Results: a range of attributes was developed which characterizes the anti-corruption system and the information spectrum of its infrastructure related to three main types of activities: criminological, political, and managerial. Some of these attributes, which characterize the outlines of the emerging “support” concept in the considered system of functioning, were conceptualized and to a certain extent categorized. This, in turn, allowed defining the contours of the emerging system of instrumental knowledge that optimizes the scientific principle implementation in the political management of the anti-corruption system.

Scientific novelty: the article presents the idea of conceptualizing scientific provisions regarding the information support of anti-corruption efforts, the mechanism of which has not established yet. In this regard, the authors considers the concepts in the technological area of the anti-corruption management system to be promising. Among them is the idea to introduce such legal mechanisms as criminological monitoring and criminological expertise, a type of which is implemented in the anti-corruption expertise. The article novelty also consists in an additional area of research, which is special preventive for corruption offenses, studied for their effectiveness and ability to ensure criminological security.

Practical significance: the theoretical provisions developed in this study are designed to form scientific and criminological criticism in the professional legal consciousness, aimed at decision-making, selecting and implementing means and application technologies in the field of combating corruption.

Objective: to study the issues of legal regulation of intellectual systems for pattern and meaning recognition as part of the system to prevent and suppress offenses committed using information and telecommunication network.

Methods: dialectical approach to the cognition of social phenomena, which allows analyzing them in their historical development and functioning in the context of objective and subjective factors, which determined the choice of the following research methods: formal-legal, comparative-legal, legal modeling, set theory, graph theory.

Results: prevention of offenses includes prophylaxis and procedural forms of prevention of offenses. These two sets of forms share measures to eliminate the circumstances that contribute to the commission of offenses. However, the set of procedural forms of prevention does not include identification of causes and conditions contributing to the commission of offenses. Procedural forms aim at preventing specific types of offenses, while prevention to some extent uses the methods of predictive analytics, assuming the possibility of a negative antisocial event and using various organizational, technological and legal tools and measures. Consequently, prediction of criminal actions is one of the stages of prevention of offenses carried out using predictive analytics of data left by a person. The accuracy of calculations carried out by artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing every year; hence, the accuracy of the obtained probabilities and forecasts is also increasing.

Scientific novelty: the article presents an interdisciplinary study of preventing negative social deviations occurring with the use of information and telecommunication network by means of interaction between the hosting providers, using intelligent systems of pattern and meaning recognition, and law enforcement agencies. It was established that the application of AI by law enforcement agencies and their interaction with hosting providers allows not only to identify illegal and socially dangerous content, but also to assess the probability of committing a crime by a particular person. Application of AI by hosting providers allows preventing illegal actions. This can be done by revealing the stage of criminal intent expressed in the information posted by a potential offender, thus minimizing the possibility of the intent outgrowth into real criminal actions.

Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering issues related to the legal regulation of AI algorithms, the possibility of their application in order to prevent and suppress offenses committed with the use of information and telecommunications network.

Objective: to determine the impact of socio-demographic factors and characteristics of political and economic changes on corruption.

Methods: the work uses the methods of comparative analysis, construction of conjugation tables, and the index method; the information base is the public opinion monitoring data in Vologda oblast, with 1,500 respondents filling in questionnaires at their place of residence. The sample is random and quota; representativeness is ensured by the proportions observed between the residents of settlements of different types, gender and age structure of the population; sampling error does not exceed 3 %.

Results: manifestations of corruption have been the subject matter of scientific discourse for quite a long time, but the research approaches have been constantly expanding from the historical, legal, and economic points of view. The article considers corruption as a multidimensional phenomenon and analyzes it from the perspective of an integrative approach, which implies taking into account territorial aspects, socio-demographic factors, and the citizens’ perception of the political and economic situation in the country and in the region. The analysis of the assessment results of the public opinion about the corruption level in the region showed that the authorities and the health care system are the most susceptible to corruption. The assessment of the territorial prevalence of corruption showed that the corruption index values along the “center – periphery” line are higher in the regional center than in the districts. It was also revealed that differences in the socio-demographic characteristics insignificantly influence the perception of changes in the corruption level, unlike the perception of corruption depending on the economic and political situation in the region.

Scientific novelty: Based on the analysis of the results of the corruption level monitoring in the region, it is shown that positive assessments of the political and economic situation are associated with an unchanged or decreased level of corruption perception. Hence, good and very good assessments of the economic situation were more often associated with a decrease in the corruption level last year.

Practical significance: the identified links between corruption, socio-demographic, political and economic factors can serve as a basis for adjusting and improving anti-corruption policy at the regional and state level.

Objective: to synthesize existing research to comprehensively understand the impact of income inequality on fear of crime, aiming at elucidating how economic disparities influence community security.

Methods: qualitative methods, including comparative analysis and generalization, alongside the historical and genetic method, were employed. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to aggregate peer-reviewed empirical studies. A random-effects model was used for calculating overall effect sizes, with study heterogeneity and moderating factors such as geographic location and urban versus rural settings assessed.

Results: a moderate positive relationship between income inequality and fear of crime was unveiled, particularly pronounced in urban areas, based on a wide array of empirical data. Moderate study heterogeneity indicates context-dependent variability. The synthesis of findings underscores the significant role of income inequality in exacerbating fear of crime, highlighting a complex interplay between economic disparities and perceived community security.

Scientific novelty: this study represents the first attempt to bridge the gap between theoretical assumptions of social disorganization and inequality theories with empirical evidence on the impact of income inequality on fear of crime, providing a comprehensive overview and highlighting discrepancies, patterns, and the overall strength of this association.

Practical significance: the findings offer crucial insights for policymakers and community leaders in developing targeted interventions to mitigate fear of crime, emphasizing the necessity for policies that address economic disparities to enhance societal well-being. Additionally, it recommends further longitudinal research to explore the causal relationships and mechanisms underlying the association between income inequality and fear of crime, enriching the concepts of institutional economics concerning the limits and possibilities of institutional transformations in enhancing community security.

Objective: to analyze the efficiency of a holistic defense model and to elaborate recommendations for improving its mechanism.

Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.

Results: a holistic public defense model is more comprehensive than a traditional model of public defense representation. Holistic defense seeks to address extralegal needs that are a nexus to the criminal charge rather than focusing solely on addressing the current criminal charge of the individual. This model is a collaborative approach that has traditionally included social workers and civil legal workers in a team approach with a criminal lawyer. Prior research on holistic defense has demonstrated efficacy in addressing individuals’ social and legal needs thus reducing recidivism and justice system costs.

Scientific novelty: this research describes and evaluates a pilot project of a holistic defense model employed in Southwest Alaska and outlines similar models in use in other jurisdictions in the United States. This evaluation supports previous research that indicates the importance of addressing defendants’ extralegal needs in reducing recidivism and costs while improving individual case outcomes. The author also discusses the policy implications of the model and provides recommendations to enhance future evaluations of a holistic defense model.

Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to holistic defense.

Objective: to review the results of the 7^th Siberian Anti-Corruption Forum “Incentives and Restrictions in the System of Anticorruption Security” held in Krasnoyarsk on December 15-16, 2023 (organizers: Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk Krai Governor’s Administration, Krasnoyarsk Krai Prosecutor’s Office, Krasnoyarsk Krai Department of the Ministry of Justice of Russia for Krasnoyarsk Krai, Krasnoyarsk Regional Branch of the Russian Lawyers’ Association).

Methods: general scientific method of dialectical cognition, as well as a number of private scientific methods, such as historicallegal, system-structural, comparative-legal, formal-logical (deduction, induction, definition and division of the concept), etc.

Results: the forum discussed the following key topics: anti-corruption security as an integrative scientific category, the role of incentives and restrictions in the system of its provision; history of development, concept, types and system of anti-corruption incentives and restrictions; international legal regulation of incentives and restrictions in the system of anticorruption security; foreign and Russian experience of resource provision of anti-corruption incentives and restrictions; the role of law enforcement agencies and civil society institutions in providing  anti-corruption security; anti-corruption potential of digitalization processes, etc.

Scientific novelty: the leading idea of the Forum scientific and practical dialogue was harmonization of anti-corruption incentives and restrictions, since the search for a successful combination of these tools will create legal prerequisites for a qualitative transition to a new model of anti-corruption activities and ensure the security of individuals, society and the state from various corruption threats.

Practical significance: based on the Forum results, the author formulated proposals aimed at improving the state policy in the field of combating corruption, as well as the anti-corruption activities of various subjects. These results are of interest to scientists, educators, law enforcement officials, and all those interested in the issues of combating corruption.